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PrivacyLaw

Privacy Act

The Privacy Act of Canada governs the collection, use, retention, and disclosure of personal information by federal government institutions. It ensures that individuals have the right to access and correct their personal information held by the government.

Overview

The Privacy Act, codified as R.S.C., 1985, c. P-21, establishes rules for federal government institutions regarding the handling of personal data. Key provisions include the collection, protection, and disposal of personal information, the creation and management of personal information banks, access and correction rights for individuals, and exemptions for certain situations. The Act also outlines the responsibilities of the Office of the Privacy Commissioner, procedures for investigations, and reporting requirements to ensure compliance. Amendments and regulations under this Act provide further specificity on its application and updates to maintain relevance.

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NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5.2 — Security and Privacy Controls for Information Systems and Organizations

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India - (DPDP) Rules — India - Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Rules

The Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 operationalize India’s Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 by establishing detailed requirements for the collection, processing, storage, and protection of digital personal data. The Rules define obligations for organizations handling personal data, including consent management, breach notifications, data retention, and protections for children and vulnerable individuals. They also establish governance mechanisms such as the Data Protection Board and provide a phased implementation timeline for compliance.

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PrivacyLaw

India - PDPD Act — India - Digital Personal Data Protection (PDPD) Act (Act No. 22 of 2023)

The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (Act No. 22 of 2023) establishes India’s legal framework for processing digital personal data while balancing individuals’ privacy rights with lawful data use. The Act defines obligations for organizations handling personal data, grants rights and duties to individuals, and introduces requirements for consent, data protection, and breach accountability. It also establishes the Data Protection Board of India to oversee compliance, adjudication, and enforcement of penalties for violations.

Government of India • India • v2023

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